【簡介:】本篇文章給大家談?wù)劇睹篮?91號》對應(yīng)的知識點,希望對各位有所幫助。本文目錄一覽:
1、中國最大的飛機是名字
2、美國航天飛機的兩次失事事件
3、C191才座不到200人怎么算
本篇文章給大家談?wù)劇睹篮?91號》對應(yīng)的知識點,希望對各位有所幫助。
本文目錄一覽:
中國最大的飛機是名字
截止2019年,中國最大的飛機是C919。C919大型客機,全稱COMACC919,是中國首款按照最新國際適航標(biāo)準(zhǔn),具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的干線民用飛機,是由中國商用飛機有限責(zé)任公司于2008年開始研制的。
C是中國英文名稱“China”的首字母,也是中國商飛英文縮寫COMAC的首字母,第一個“9”的寓意是天長地久,“19”代表的是中國首型大型客機最大載客量為190座。
擴(kuò)展資料:
具體案例:
本次飛行初步檢查了飛機起飛、著陸性能與各主要系統(tǒng)、設(shè)備的工作情況。飛行過程中檢查了飛機襟翼收放、起落架系統(tǒng)、導(dǎo)航通信系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)以及加減速特性等。
C919大型客機是中國按照與國際接軌的適航標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自主研制的150座級單通道干線飛機,2008年底完成項目可研論證,2015年11月在上??傃b下線。其中,C919首架機于2017年5月5日在浦東國際機場完成“首飛”,又于2017年11月10日轉(zhuǎn)場陜西閻良。
中國商飛公司民用飛機試飛中心102架機團(tuán)隊負(fù)責(zé)人毛為說,C919第二架客機自11月23日轉(zhuǎn)入試飛階段以來,先后開展低速滑行試驗、中速滑行試驗等,達(dá)到“首飛”條件。相比于首架機的“首飛“,今日無論是從飛行高度、飛行速度及任務(wù)點數(shù)量都有明顯提升。
中國商飛公司民用飛機試飛中心總工程師王偉介紹,根據(jù)C919大型客機項目計劃,共將投入6架試飛飛機進(jìn)行試驗試飛,2架飛機進(jìn)行地面試驗。6架試飛飛機需要完成1000多項符合性驗證試驗,2架地面試驗飛機需要進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)集成試驗、全機靜力試驗和疲勞試驗等。
中國商飛公司C919大型客機項目總經(jīng)理吳躍表示,未來幾年,商飛將聯(lián)合中國航空工業(yè)集團(tuán)等機構(gòu),以山東東營與陜西閻良兩大試飛基地為主戰(zhàn)場,在全國多地機場展開密集試飛。
這將是中國首次對150座級的干線飛機進(jìn)行適航驗證,C919大型客機也將接受中國航空工業(yè)領(lǐng)域等級最高的試飛驗證考驗。
參考資料來源:鳳凰網(wǎng)-中國國產(chǎn)大飛機C919第二架客機成功“首飛”
參考資料來源:百度百科-C919客機
美國航天飛機的兩次失事事件
Spaceflight fatalities
The history of space exploration has been marred by a number of tragedies that resulted in the deaths of the astronauts or ground crew. As of 2007, in-flight accidents have killed 18 astronauts, training accidents have claimed 11 astronauts, and launchpad accidents have killed at least 71 ground personnel.[dated info]
About two percent of the manned launch/reentry attempts have killed their crew, with Soyuz and the Shuttle having almost the same death percentage rates. Except for the X-15 (which is a suborbital rocket plane), other launchers have not launched sufficiently often for reasonable safety comparisons to be made.
About five percent of the people that have been launched have died doing so (because astronauts often launch more than once). As of November 2004, 439 individuals have flown on spaceflights: Russia/Soviet Union (96), USA (277), others (66).[citation needed] Twenty-two have died while in a spacecraft: three on Apollo 1, one on Soyuz 1, one on X-15-3, three on Soyuz 11, seven on Challenger, and seven on Columbia. By space program, 18 NASA astronauts (4.1%) and four Russian cosmonauts (0.9% of all the people launched) died while in a spacecraft.[dated info]
In total, Shuttle accidents have claimed the lives of fourteen.
Soyuz accidents have claimed the lives of four. No deaths have occurred on Soyuz missions since 1971, and none with the current design of the Soyuz. Including the early Soyuz design, the average deaths per launched crew member on Soyuz are currently under two percent. However, there have also been several serious injuries, and some other incidents in which crews nearly died.
NASA astronauts who have lost their lives in the line of duty are memorialized at the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex in Merritt Island, Florida. Cosmonauts who have died in the line of duty under the auspices of the Soviet Union were generally honored by burial at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis in Moscow. It is unknown whether this remains tradition for Russia, since the Kremlin Wall Necropolis was largely a Communist honor and no cosmonauts have died in action since the Soviet Union fell.
There have been four fatal in-flight accidents on missions which were considered spaceflights under the internationally accepted definition of the term, plus one on the ground during rehearsal of a planned flight. In each case all crew were killed. To date, there has never been an incident where an individual member of a multi-member crew has died during (or while rehearsing) a mission.
1967 April 24: parachute failure: Soviet cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov died on board Soyuz 1. His one-day mission had been plagued by a series of mishaps with the new type of spacecraft, which culminated in the capsule's parachute not opening properly after atmospheric reentry. Komarov was killed when the capsule hit the ground.
1971 June 30: crew exposed to vacuum of space: The crew of Soyuz 11, Georgi Dobrovolski, Viktor Patsayev and Vladislav Volkov, were killed after undocking from space station Salyut 1 after a three-week stay. A valve on their spacecraft had accidentally opened when the service module separated, which was only discovered when the module was opened by the recovery team. Technically the only fatalities in space (above 100 km).
1986 January 28: structural failure after lift-off: The first U.S. multiple in-flight fatalities. The Space Shuttle Challenger was destroyed 73 seconds after lift-off on STS-51-L. Analysis of the accident showed that a faulty O-ring seal had allowed hot gases from the shuttle solid rocket booster (SRB) to weaken the external propellant tank, and also the strut that held the booster to the tank. The tank aft region failed, causing it to begin disintegrating. The SRB strut also failed, causing the SRB to rotate inward and expedite tank breakup. Challenger was thrown sideways into the Mach 1.8 windstream causing it to break up in midair with the loss of all seven crew members aboard: Greg Jarvis, Christa McAuliffe, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Judith Resnik, Michael J. Smith, and Dick Scobee. NASA investigators determined they may have survived during the spacecraft disintegration, while possibly unconscious from hypoxia; at least some of them tried to protect themselves by activating their emergency oxygen. Any survivors of the breakup were killed, however, when the largely intact cockpit hit the water at 200 mph (320 km/h). See Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.
2003 February 1: structural failure during re-entry: The Space Shuttle Columbia was lost as it reentered after a two-week mission, STS-107. Damage to the shuttle's thermal protection system (TPS) led to structural failure in the shuttle's left wing and, ultimately, the spacecraft broke apart. Investigations after the tragedy revealed the damage to the reinforced carbon-carbon leading edge wing panel had resulted from a piece of insulation foam breaking away from the external tank during the launch and hitting shuttle's wing. Rick D. Husband, William McCool, Michael P. Anderson, David M. Brown, Kalpana Chawla, Laurel B. Clark, and Ilan Ramon were killed. See Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
There has also been a single accident on a flight which was considered a spaceflight by those involved in conducting it, but not under the internationally accepted definition:
1967 November 15: control failure: Michael J. Adams died while piloting a North American X-15 rocket plane. Major Adams was a U.S. Air Force pilot in the NASA/USAF X-15 program. During X-15 Flight 191, his seventh flight, the plane first had an electrical problem and then developed control problems at the apogee of its flight. The pilot may also have become disoriented. During reentry from a 266,000 ft (50.4 mile, 81.1 km) apogee, the X-15 yawed sideways out of control and went into a spin at a speed of Mach 5, from which the pilot never recovered. Excessive acceleration led to the X-15 breaking up in flight at about 65,000 feet (19.8 km))[1]. Adams was posthumously awarded astronaut wings as his flight had passed an altitude of 50 miles (80.5 km) (the U.S. definition of space).
在太空探索的歷史,并導(dǎo)致其中一個悲劇,在航天員或地面人員造成的死亡人數(shù)。截至2007年,在飛行中意外死亡18宇航員,訓(xùn)練事故已造成11個宇航員,并啟動事故已造成至少71名地勤人員。日消息] [
約百分之二的載人發(fā)射/再入企圖殺死他們的船員和聯(lián)盟號航天飛機與具有幾乎相同的死亡百分比率。除了在X - 15(這是一個亞軌道火箭飛機),其他發(fā)射器沒有足夠的啟動往往比較合理的安全需要作出。
約5個已發(fā)起民眾死亡這樣做(因為宇航員經(jīng)常開展一次以上)。截至2004年11月,439人已經(jīng)出動了上太空飛行:俄羅斯/前蘇聯(lián)(96),美國(277),其他(66)。[編輯] 22人死亡,而在航天器:在阿波羅1號,1 3在聯(lián)盟1號,在X - 15 - 3,聯(lián)盟11號3,對挑戰(zhàn)者七個,七宗在哥倫比亞。由太空計劃,美國航天局宇航員18(4.1%)和4(0.9%的人所有的發(fā)射)死亡時,在航天器。[日消息]俄羅斯宇航員
整體而言,航天飛機事故已造成14死亡。
聯(lián)盟事故已造成4的生命。無死亡病例發(fā)生在聯(lián)盟特派團(tuán)自1971年以來,與該聯(lián)盟目前的設(shè)計沒有。包括早期聯(lián)盟的設(shè)計,每推出機組人員對聯(lián)盟目前正在死亡的平均百分之二。不過,也有過幾次嚴(yán)重受傷,其中一些接近死亡船員的其他事件。
美國宇航局誰失去了在執(zhí)行公務(wù)而捐軀的宇航員是在太空鏡上奏紀(jì)念在肯尼迪航天中心參觀的梅里特島,佛羅里達(dá)情結(jié)。誰在執(zhí)行任務(wù)時死在蘇聯(lián)的支持下宇航員一般榮幸葬在克里姆林宮墻墓地在莫斯科舉行。目前還不清楚這是否仍然對俄羅斯的傳統(tǒng),因為克里姆林宮墻墓地,主要是一個榮譽,沒有共產(chǎn)黨的宇航員在行動中死亡,因為蘇聯(lián)下跌。
目前已有4人死亡上審議航天飛行術(shù)語下,國際公認(rèn)的定義,以及在有計劃的飛行排練地上一任務(wù)的飛行事故。在每一種情況下,所有船員被打死。迄今為止,從來沒有一個地方是一個多機組成員個別成員死亡時(或在排練)特派團(tuán)的事件。
1967年4月24日:降落傘失?。呵疤K聯(lián)宇航員弗拉基米爾科馬羅夫死亡船上聯(lián)盟1。他1天的任務(wù)已經(jīng)困擾了事故的航天器,它在太空艙的降落傘最終再入大氣層后,不能正確打開新類型系列??岂R洛夫被打死時,膠囊撞到地面。
1971年6月30日:暴露于真空宇航員:該聯(lián)盟11號,格奧爾基Dobrovolski,尤Patsayev和弗拉季沃爾科夫船員被殺害后,從空間站禮炮1號脫開后三個星期的逗留。關(guān)于他們的航天器閥門不小心打開時,服務(wù)艙分離,這是該模塊時,才發(fā)現(xiàn)是由回收隊打開。在空間技術(shù)上的唯一死亡人數(shù)超過100公里()。
1986年1月28日:結(jié)構(gòu)失敗后剝離:一是美國的多個飛行中死亡。挑戰(zhàn)者號航天飛機被摧毀73秒后剝離在STS - 51 - L的。事故分析表明,一個錯誤的O形圈密封曾允許從航天飛機固體火箭助推器(SRB)之熱氣體削弱外部推進(jìn)劑貯箱,也是支撐這舉行的助推器的坦克。坦克尾部區(qū)域的失敗,導(dǎo)致它開始瓦解。國家儲備局支撐也沒有,造成儲備局向內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn)坦克和加速解體。挑戰(zhàn)者將被拋出側(cè)身1.8馬赫導(dǎo)致它在空中打破了同船上7名船員全部損失:格雷格賈維斯,克麗斯塔麥考利夫,羅納德捷,埃利森鬼冢,朱迪思雷斯尼克,邁克爾J ·史密斯,迪克斯科比Windstream的。美國宇航局的研究人員確定他們可能在飛船解體存活,而可能是由缺氧昏迷,至少其中一些試圖保護(hù)他們的緊急氧氣通過激活自己。任何生還者的解體被打死,但是,當(dāng)大部分完好無損駕駛艙打擊200英里每小時(320公里/小時)的水。見挑戰(zhàn)者號航天飛機災(zāi)難。
2003年2月1日:結(jié)構(gòu)故障在重返大氣層:哥倫比亞號航天飛機失去了,因為它經(jīng)過兩個星期的使命重返,執(zhí)行STS - 107。損壞航天飛機的熱防護(hù)系統(tǒng)(TPS)的失敗導(dǎo)致了結(jié)構(gòu)性航天飛機的左翼,最終,飛船解體。慘劇發(fā)生后的調(diào)查揭示了在鋼筋混凝土中碳碳機翼前緣面板的損害已經(jīng)造成破壞的絕緣距離從外部燃料箱在發(fā)射過程中一塊泡沫材料擊中航天飛機的機翼。里克四丈夫,威廉麥庫爾,邁克爾P.安德森,大衛(wèi)布朗,研究員Kalpana Chawla的,乙勞雷爾克拉克,和宜蘭拉蒙被殺害。見哥倫比亞號航天飛機災(zāi)難。
同時也出現(xiàn)了一對被認(rèn)為是由那些參與開展航天飛行單一事故,但不屬于國際公認(rèn)的定義:
1967年11月15日:控制失?。哼~克爾J.亞當(dāng)斯去世時駕駛一北美國X - 15火箭飛機。亞當(dāng)斯是美國主要的空軍在美國航天局/美國空軍X - 15的試驗計劃。在X - 15的飛行191,他的第七次飛行,這架飛機第一次有一個電子故障,繼而在其飛行遠(yuǎn)地點控制問題。該試驗還可能迷失方向。在從二六六零零零英尺(50.4英里,81.1公里)遠(yuǎn)地點再入中,X - 15 yawed側(cè)身失控,變成了一個旋轉(zhuǎn)的馬赫5,從這些試驗沒有恢復(fù)的速度。導(dǎo)致過度加速的X - 15在飛行中打破了約65,000英尺(19.8公里))[1]。亞當(dāng)斯被追授為他的翅膀飛行宇航員已經(jīng)通過了50英里(80.5公里)(美國定義的空間)的高度。
C191才座不到200人怎么算是大飛機
因為C919在條件上已經(jīng)完全符合了大飛機的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。從座席上來說,根據(jù)國際通用的專業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),飛機的座席超過150座就屬于大飛機,C919的座席為168座,是“不折不扣”的大飛機。
其次,從航程上來說,C919的航程共有5555公里,基本可以覆蓋國內(nèi)的主要二線城市,所以其飛行的覆蓋面也非?!按蟆薄!癈919使用了大量先進(jìn)材料,在滿足強度、剛度等前提下,減輕了不少重量。據(jù)估算,飛機每降低1%的結(jié)構(gòu)重量,航空公司每年就可以節(jié)省十幾萬,甚至幾十萬的燃油花費,因此C919節(jié)省的開銷也很“大”。
擴(kuò)展資料:
C919的優(yōu)點:
1、采用先進(jìn)氣動布局和新一代超臨界機翼等先進(jìn)氣動力設(shè)計技術(shù),達(dá)到比現(xiàn)役同類飛機更好的巡航氣動效率,并與十年后市場中的競爭機具有相當(dāng)?shù)难埠綒鈩有剩?/p>
2、采用先進(jìn)的發(fā)動機以降低油耗、噪聲和排放;
3、采用先進(jìn)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計技術(shù)和較大比例的先進(jìn)金屬材料和復(fù)合材料,減輕飛機的結(jié)構(gòu)重量;
4、采用先進(jìn)的電傳操縱和主動控制技術(shù),提高飛機綜合性能,改善人為因素和舒適性;
5、采用先進(jìn)的綜合航電技術(shù),減輕飛行員負(fù)擔(dān)、提高導(dǎo)航性能、改善人機界面;
6、采用先進(jìn)客艙綜合設(shè)計技術(shù),提高客艙舒適性;
7、采用先進(jìn)的維修理論、技術(shù)和方法,降低維修成本。
參考資料來源:人民網(wǎng)——國產(chǎn)大飛機C919沖向藍(lán)天 告訴你何謂“國之重器”
飛機機型 191/190 是什么機型?
是巴西航空工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的ERJ系列飛機,是一種能坐100人左右的支線飛機。
ERJ系列飛機從2004年開始使用,到目前為止唯一一次有人員傷亡的事故就是河南航空伊春空難。
這個系列的機型(包括ERJ170/175/190/195)一共生產(chǎn)了660架,天津航空現(xiàn)有26架ERJ190在運營,另外還有24架訂單,是ERJ系列比較大的客戶。
關(guān)于《美航191號》的介紹到此就結(jié)束了。